QGIS-Based Visualization of Prayer Times According to Geographical Position in Makassar

Nurul Khulaifah; Fatmawati; Andi Syam Rizal

doi:10.66325/yx7gym34

Authors

Nurul Khulaifah UIN Alauddin Makassar
Fatmawati UIN Alauddin Makassar
Andi Syam Rizal UIN Alauddin Makassar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66325/yx7gym34

Keywords:

digital Islamic astronomy; , geographical position; prayer times, QGIS; spatial visualization.

Abstract

Determining prayer times is a fundamental aspect of Islamic worship, as each obligatory prayer is prescribed within a specific time interval associated with the apparent position of the Sun. In astronomical calculation, prayer times are determined using solar positional data together with the geographical coordinates of a given location. This study aims to analyze and visualize spatial variations in prayer times across Makassar City using Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS). The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach by integrating astronomical calculation with geospatial analysis. Prayer-time data were obtained from official sources, particularly the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, and were compared with values calculated using contemporary hisab formulas. Geographic coordinates of selected observation points were collected through digital mapping platforms, while administrative and spatial datasets were obtained from official geospatial data providers. The data were then processed and visualized in QGIS to identify spatial patterns in prayer-time differences across Makassar. The results show that geographical position, particularly longitude, produces measurable variations in prayer times even within the boundaries of the same city. These differences range from several seconds to several minutes depending on the relative location of each observation point. Thematic maps generated through QGIS clearly illustrate the spatial distribution of these variations and provide a more intuitive representation than conventional tabular prayer schedules. The findings demonstrate that integrating astronomical calculation with Geographic Information System (GIS) technology offers an effective approach for analyzing and communicating spatial variations in prayer times. This study contributes to the development of digital Islamic astronomy by introducing a geospatial framework for prayer-time analysis that can support more location-sensitive calculation and visualization practices.

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