Bridging Istinbāṭī and Taṭbīqī: An Integrative Ijtihād Model for Halal Fatwa Governance and Regulatory Compliance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66325/nusantaralaw.v5i1.171Keywords:
Fatwa Halal; Ijtihad Istinbāṭī; Ijtihad Taṭbīqī; Progressive Jurisprudence.Abstract
This study investigates the integration of ijtihād istinbāṭī and ijtihād taṭbīqī in the formulation of halal fatwas for processed food products in Madura, Indonesia. The research addresses persistent reliance on fragmented fatwa methodologies, which have historically engendered legal ambiguity, interpretive divergence, and challenges to the legitimacy of religious authority. Employing a qualitative descriptive methodology, the study combines doctrinal analysis with field observations and in-depth interviews involving ulama, food industry stakeholders, and representatives of halal certification bodies. Findings demonstrate that halal fatwa determination in Madura is contingent upon the synergistic application of istinbāṭī ijtihād, which provides normative and doctrinal legitimacy, and taṭbīqī ijtihād, which facilitates the contextualization of Islamic legal norms within contemporary socio-technological and industrial frameworks. This unification produces an integrative ijtihād model in which Islamic law is dynamically aligned with empirical realities and public welfare considerations (maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah). Operationalization occurs through collaborative governance mechanisms involving regional MUI branches, Halal Inspection Agencies (LPH), pesantren networks, and academic institutions, yielding halal fatwas that are simultaneously legally authoritative and socially responsive. The study further suggests that adopting a unified ijtihād framework can enhance the coherence, legitimacy, and legal certainty of halal fatwa production, while concurrently strengthening national halal governance by harmonizing religious authority, regulatory institutions, and industrial practices. The findings contribute to contemporary Islamic legal scholarship by demonstrating how integrative jurisprudential methodologies can reconcile classical Sharīʿah principles with modern technological, socio-economic, and policy imperatives.
Downloads
References
Abdussamad, Zuchri. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Makassar: Syakir Media Press, 2021.
Ainol Yaqin, Moch. Cholid Wardi, and Achmad Mulyadi. “Actualization of Moderation in Reasoning at Ma’had Aly Salafiyah Syafi’iyah Sukorejo Situbondo and Its Influence on Istinbâth of Islamic Law.” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 17, no. 2 (December 2022): 434–457. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v17i2.5962.
Al-Amidi. Al-Ihkam Fi Ushul al-Ahkam. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1997.
Al-Ghazali. Al-Mustashfa Fi ’Ilm al-Usul. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiah, 1997.
Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad. Al-Mustasfa Min ’Ilm al-Usul. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1993.
Al-Jauziyah, Ibnu al-Qayyim. I’lam al-Muwaqqi’in ’an Rabb al-’Alamin. Cairo: Dar al-Hadits, 1996.
Al-Nawawi, Imam. Al-Majmu’ Syarh al-Muhadzdzab. Vol. 9. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 2003.
Al-Qardawi, Yusuf. Al-Ijtihad Fi al-Syari’ah al-Islamiyyah. Cairo: Dar al-Syuruq, 1994.
———. Fiqh Al-Halal Wa al-Haram Fi al-Islam. Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 2001.
———. Fiqh Al-Waqi’. Cairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 2002.
Al-Shāṭibī, Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm bin Mūsā al-Lakhmī. Al-Muwāfaqāt Fī Uṣūl al-Sharīʿah. Cet. ke-1. Beirut: Dar Al-Kutub Al-ilmiyah, 2004.
Al-Zuhayli, Wahbah. Usul Al-Fiqh al-Islami. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 1986.
Aseri, Mukhsin, Muhammad Rasyid, Ahmad Sharifuddin bin Mustapha, Akh. Fauzi Aseri, and Oleh Fedorchenko. “Negotiating Authority and Knowledge: Religion, Science, and Politics in the Fatwa Transformations of the Indonesian Ulema Council.” Journal of Islamic Law 6, no. 2 (August 2025): 286–316. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v6i2.4702.
Aseri, Mukhsin, Muhammad Rasyid, Ahmad Sharifuddin bin Mustapha, Akh. Fauzi Aseri, and Oleh Fedorchenko. “Negotiating Authority and Knowledge: Religion, Science, and Politics in the Fatwa Transformations of the Indonesian Ulema Council.” Journal of Islamic Law 6, no. 2 (August 2025): 286–316. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v6i2.4702.
Asnaini, Asnaini, Irwan Abdullah, Miko Polindi, Ahmad Muzakky, and Ayu Yuningsih. “Resistance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise Owners to Halal Labeling Policy within Islamic Law Framework.” AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial 20, no. 1 (July 2025): 196–226. https://doi.org/10.19105/al-lhkam.v20i1.18430.
Asri. “Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen Terhadap Produk Pangan Yang Tidak Bersertifikat Halal.” Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum Dan Keadilan 4, no. 2 (2016): 1–20.
Auda, Jasser. Maqasid Al-Shari’ah as Philosophy of Islamic Law A Systems Approach. London: The International Institute of Islamic Thought, 2008.
———. Reform of Islamic Thought. London: IIIT, 2008.
———. Systems Thinking for Islamic Law. London: IIIT, 2014.
Azwar, Zainal, and Farid Afif Rinaldi. “Consistency of the Indonesian Ulama Council in Using Istiṣlāḥ as a Method for Legal Istinbath.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 9, no. 1 (May 2024): 1. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v9i1.7680.
Bahrudin, Moh., Tulus Suryanto, and Mohd Mizan Bin Mohammad Aslam. “The Implementation of Ijtihād Jamā’iy in MUI’s Fatwa Commission.” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 28, no. 2 (November 2020): 125–144. https://doi.org/10.21580/ws.28.2.6293.
Benuf, Kornelius, and Muhamad Azhar. “Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Sebagai Instrumen Mengurai Permasalahan Hukum Kontemporer.” Gema Keadilan 7, no. 1 (April 2020): 20–33. https://doi.org/10.14710/gk.2020.7504.
Bianda, Ryan, Muhammad Yosef Niteh, and Maad Ahmad. “Maqāsidī Paradigm in the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) Fatwa 2024 Reorienting Mashlahah in the Issue of Halal Products and Khabā’its.” Journal of Muwafaqat 8, no. 2 (2025): 120–138.
BPJPH. Guide to Higher Education LPH. Jakarta: Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2022.
———. Halal Santri Program Report. Jakarta: Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2023.
———. Madura LPH Guidelines. Jakarta: Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2023.
———. Report Collaboration between MUI and LPH Madura. Jakarta: Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia, 2023.
Creswell, John W, and Cheryl N. Poth. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing among Five Approaches. Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications, 2018.
Destriyansah, Wahyu, Imsar Imsar, and Muhammad Ikhsan Harahap. “Analysis of the Influence of the Halal Industry on Indonesia’s Economic Growth.” Wiga : Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi 13, no. 2 (September 2023): 232–245. https://doi.org/10.30741/wiga.v13i2.1117.
DSN-MUI. Halal Product Fatwa Association. Jakarta, 2020.
———. National Halal Fatwa System. Jakarta, 2020.
Edi Susilo, Budi Santoso, and Yessy Eka Ambarwati. “Transformation of Contemporary Fiqh through a Collective Ijtihad Approach in Resolving Lineage Issues Arising from Egg Freezing.” MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 4, no. 2 (July 2025): 728–760. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i2.10403.
Eljohani, Mohammed Sayah S., Afrida Zahira, Yati Nurhayati Soelistijono, Adam Jehan, and Ali Mujahidin. “Fatwa and Sociological Awareness: The Role of Halal Fatwa and Its Influence on Consumer’s Purchasing Decisions of Korean Food Products.” JURNAL INDO-ISLAMIKA 14, no. 2 (December 2024): 408–419. https://doi.org/10.15408/jii.v14i2.43827.
Fathoni, Muhammad Anwar. “Potret Industri Halal Indonesia: Peluang Dan Tantangan.” Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Islam 6, no. 3 (October 2020): 428. https://doi.org/10.29040/jiei.v6i3.1146.
Fathurrahman. Epistemology of Ijtihad and Contemporary Fatwa. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pesantren, 2018.
Firmansyah, Muh., Ayu Tri Nursyarah, Dian Andrayani, and Iqlima Fairuz Syifa. “A Bibliometric Exploration of Halal Industry Research in the Indonesian Context.” Halal Studies and Society 2, no. 2 (May 2025): 22–26. https://doi.org/10.29244/hass.2.2.22-26.
Hamid, Abdul, Agus Fakhrina, Fathul Aminudin Aziz, and Mansur Chadi Mursid. “Misconception about Halal Certification Placement on Non-Food Commodities: State Coercion over the Territory of Ijtihad.” Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, November 11, 2025, 271–288. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v19i2.14064.
Haryati, Haryati, Heri Junaidi, and Sheikh Mohammed Rateb. “The Debate on the Aesthetics of Business Brand Innovation Among the Millennial Generation for the Issuance of Halal Certification.” Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat 24, no. 2 (December 2024): 476–490. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v24i2.24417.
Hasanudin, Fuat. “Ijtihad Maqashidi: Methodology and Contextualization of Islamic Law in Indonesia.” Al-Mawarid Jurnal Syariah Dan Hukum (JSYH) 1, no. 2 (August 2019): 134–153. https://doi.org/10.20885/mawarid.vol1.iss2.art2.
Hatoli, Hatoli. “Halal Certification of the Indonesian Ulema Council on Electronic and Non-Consumer Products from the Maslahah Perspective.” JIL: Journal of Islamic Law 1, no. 2 (August 2020): 237–255. https://doi.org/10.24260/jil.v1i2.45.
Holis, Holis, Ahmad Musadad, Firman Setiawan, and Tri Pujiati. “From Concept to Practice: Ijtihad Jama’i as a Method for Issuing Halal Product Fatwa from the Perspective of Kiai in Bangkalan, Madura.” Jurnal Mediasas: Media Ilmu Syari’ah Dan Ahwal Al-Syakhsiyyah 8, no. 2 (May 2025): 307–319. https://doi.org/10.58824/mediasas.v8i2.340.
Husain, Abdul Gaffar, and Fikru Jayyid. “The Role of Mui Fatwas in Promoting Indonesia’S Halal Industry Exports Within the Asean Region.” Az-Zahra International Proceeding 1, no. 4 (2025): 13–27.
Ichsan, Reza Nurul, Budi Alamsyah Siregar, Dewi Suma, Venny Fraya Hartin Nst, and Febby Putri Anasya Lubis. “Halal Industry In The Fulfillment Of Sharia Maqasid: A Qualitative Study On Halal Business Actors In North Sumatra.” Jurnal Ilmiah METADATA 7, no. 2 (May 2025): 80–97.
Ikhwan, Ihsanul. “Systematic Review on Indonesia Halal Certification.” Ekonomi Islam Indonesia 6, no. 2 (December 2024). https://doi.org/10.58968/eii.v6i2.554.
“Interview with Ahmad Zaidan, a Local Entrepreneur, 2025.”
“Interview with K.H. Makruf Khozin, Chair of the Fatwa Commission, 2025.”
“Interview with Kyai Haji Farmadi Hasyim, an Ulama from Bangkalan, 2025.”
Irewati, Awani, and Hayati Nufus. “Indonesia’s Efforts in Developing Halal Tourism through the Indonesia-Malaysia-Thailand Growth Triangle (IMT-GT).” SUVANNABHUMI 16, no. 1 (January 2024): 229–269. https://doi.org/10.22801/SVN.2024.16.1.229.
Isa, Raihan Mohd, Saadan Man, Noor Naemah Abdul Rahman, and Atiqah Aziz. “Determinants of Consumer Adoption of Halal Cosmetics: A Systematic Literature Review.” Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 22, no. 3 (March 2023): 752–762. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.15486.
Islam, Mohammad Mominul, Mohamed Syazwan Ab Talib, and Nazlida Muhamad. “Challenges of Halal Standards and Halal Certification for Islamic Marketing.” Muslim Business and Economic Review 2, no. 1 (July 2023): 105–124. https://doi.org/10.56529/mber.v2i1.156.
Iswanto, Bambang. “Job Creation Law and Consequences in Determining Halâl Products: Analysis of the Halâl Product Fatwa Committee.” Al-’Adalah 20, no. 1 (June 2023): 179. https://doi.org/10.24042/adalah.v20i1.16379.
Jaenal Aripin. “Hajj Fund Investment: A Comparative Contemporary Fiqh Study on Maslahah and Public Policy Perspectives in Indonesia.” MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review 4, no. 1 (June 2025): 360–388. https://doi.org/10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10424.
Java, MUI East. Halal Fatwa Guidelines. Surabaya: MUI Press, 2021.
Jubaedah, Dedah, Mohd Roslan Mohd Nor, Asman Taeali, Haris Maiza Putra, Moh. Ahsanuddin Jauhari, and Ahmad Fathan Aniq. “Halal Certification In Indonesia: Study of Law Number 6 of 2023 on Job Creation.” JURISDICTIE 14, no. 1 (July 2023): 154–184. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v14i1.19948.
Kinanti, Belladina Anggun, Totok Pujianto, and Roni Kastaman. “Analisis Titik Kritis Halal Pada Proses Produksi Di Komunitas UKM Aksara Cimahi Menggunakan Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA).” Jurnal Ekonomi Pertanian Dan Agribisnis 4, no. 4 (2020): 738–751.
L. Robinson, Justin, William S. Russell, Mitchell B. Darnell, and Olson P. Mizock. “Power, Desire, and Elite Deviance: A Psycho-Social Analysis of the Jeffrey Epstein Case through Freudian Theory.” Al-Biruni Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, March 14, 2026, 46. https://doi.org/10.64440/BIRUNI/BIR0020.
Lahuri, Setiawan bin, Muhammad Rizal Pranoto, Imam Kamaluddin, Syamsuri Syamsuri, Eko Nur Cahyo, and Mirna Yusuf. “Halal Certification Governance in Indonesia: An Islamic Legal Appraisal Based on Maṣlaḥah Principles.” JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 24, no. 2 (December 2025): 233–247. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v24i2.15411.
Lutfi, Chairul. “Critical Review of Halal Industry Policy in Indonesia.” Ascarya: Journal of Islamic Science, Culture, and Social Studies 5, no. 1 (January 2025): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.53754/iscs.v5i1.717.
Madura, MUI. Halal MSME Development Program 2023. Pamekasan: MUI Madura, 2023.
Majduddin, Mohammad. “Kajian Terhadap Standar Dan Sistem Sertifikasi Halal Yang Efektif Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Usaha Di Pondok Pesantren Mambaus Sholihin.” MASADIR: Jurnal Hukum Islam 2, no. 2 (January 2023): 494–510. https://doi.org/10.33754/masadir.v2i2.594.
Maulidia, Rohmah. “Consumer Legal Protection Efforts Through Halal Certification Policy For Small Medium Industry In Ponorogo.” JURISDICTIE 13, no. 1 (July 2022): 111–127. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v13i1.16477.
Menne, Firman, Batara Surya, Muhammad Yusuf, Seri Suriani, Muhlis Ruslan, and Iskandar Iskandar. “Optimizing the Financial Performance of SMEs Based on Sharia Economy: Perspective of Economic Business Sustainability and Open Innovation.” Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 1 (March 2022): 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8010018.
Miles, A. M., and M. B. Huberman. An Expanded Sourcebook: Qualitative Data Analysis. 2 Vol 1304. Calofornia: Sage Publications, 1994.
Mualimin, Mustafa Oztunc, Aytekin Isman, Ari Yunaldi, Sri Sudono Saliro, Anton Widodo, and Nana Abdul Aziz. “Are Fatwas Visible on New Media? Dissemination of the Fatwas of the Indonesian Ulama Council on Instagram.” El-Mashlahah 15, no. 1 (June 2025): 21–40. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v15i1.7879.
Muhamad Shadiq, Gusti, Jalaluddin Jalaluddin, Fathurrahman Azhari, and Fahmi Hamdi. “Telaah Metodologi Istinbath Dan Corak Hukum Islam Lembaga-Lembaga Fatwa Di Indonesia (LBMNU, Majelis Tarjih Muhammadiyah Dan Komisi Fatwa MUI).” Indonesian Journal of Islamic Jurisprudence, Economic and Legal Theory 2, no. 2 (June 2024): 684–699. https://doi.org/10.62976/ijijel.v2i2.546.
MUI, Central. Guidelines National Halal Fatwa Procedures. Jakarta: Majelis Ulama Indonesia Pusat, 2021.
Nasution, Harun. Rational Islam. Jakarta: UI Press, 1995.
Nayu, Moh., and Agung Ali Fahmi. “Efforts to Realize a Halal Lifestyle in Madura Through the Synergy of Islamic Boarding Schools and the Halal Center of University Trunojoyo Of Madura.” Trunojoyo Law Review 4, no. 2 (March 2022): 98–113. https://doi.org/10.21107/tlr.v4i2.18616.
Nurdin. Integration of Science and Islam in Halal Certification. Bandung: Alfabeta, 2022.
Nurhasanah, Nurhasanah, Umar Al Haddad, Mohd Zaidi Daud, Bintan Dzumirroh Ariny, and Lucy Laksmi. “Challenges in Implementing Indonesia’s Halal Product Assurance Law: An Analysis of Legal Uncertainty, Supervisory Systems, and Legal Culture.” Nurani: Jurnal Kajian Syari’ah Dan Masyarakat 25, no. 2 (December 2025): 599–619. https://doi.org/10.19109/nurani.v25i2.28633.
Podungge, Rulyjanto, Rizal Darwis, Zumiyati S. Ibrahim, Arhjayati Rahim, A. Zamakhsyari Baharuddin, and Syarifuddin. “Increasing Halal Industry MSMEs in Gorontalo through Maqāṣid Asy-Syarī`ah.” Asy-Syari’ah 27, no. 2 (December 2025): 171–192. https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v27i2.39577.
Praja, Juhaya S. Philosophy of Islamic Law. Bandung: LPPM UIN Sunan Gunung Jati, 2011.
Qayyim, Ibnul. I’lam al-Muwaqqi’en. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1998.
Rahmatullah, Rahmatullah, Slamet Haryono, Muh Zaitun Ardi, Syaefullah Syaefullah, and Viant Anggi Saputra. “Halal Industry and Certification in Disguise: Is It Faith Implementation or Economic Ploy in Indonesia’s Legal Framework?” Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah 16, no. 2 (December 2025): 334–373. https://doi.org/10.18860/j.v16i2.33812.
Raja, Muhammad, Anis Kurlillah, Chahayu Astina, Zulhilmi Zulhilmi, and Osman Abulkalam Fazal Ahmed. “Self-Declare Halal Certification in Kota Langsa: Empowering MSMEs for Quality Consumption.” International Journal of Halal Industry 1, no. 2 (October 2025): 117–132. https://doi.org/10.20885/IJHI.vol1.iss2.art1.
Rizal, Chitra Indah Sari, Nil Firdaus, Mohammad Aliman Shahmi, and Yuliza Zen. “From Formal Halal Certification to Substantive Compliance: Integrating Maqāsid Al-Sharī’ah and Risk-Based Governance in SMEs.” Nusantara: Journal of Law Studies 5, no. 1 (April 2026): 397–420. https://doi.org/10.66325/nusantaralaw.v5i1.176.
Rofiah, Khusniati, Sri Lumatus Sa’adah, Martha Eri Safira, Abid Rohmanu, and Azme Bin Haji Matali. “Legal Awareness of Halal Products Certification among East Java Business Operators and Society.” JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) 23, no. 1 (June 2024): 55. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v23i1.10467.
Saefullah, Asep, Dede Burhanudin, Arif Syibromalisi, Saeful Bahri, and Hardivizon Hardivizon. “Integration of Religious Moderation and Halal Industry: Challenges and Solutions.” Al-Istinbath: Jurnal Hukum Islam 10, no. 2 (November 2025): 948–975. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v10i2.14554.
Sarisae, Sufiana. “The Need For Halal Certification Of Medical Devices: A Case Study Of Thailand.” Journal of Halal Science and Technology 2, no. 1 (June 2023): 32–39.
Shihab, M. Quraish. Grounding the Qur’an. Bandung: Mizan Pustaka, 2002.
———. Grounding the Qur’an. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2019.
Silverman, David. Doing Qualitative Research. 5th ed. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 2020.
Slamet, Slamet. “Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Keputusan Pembelian Produk Makanan Halal Di Kota Semarang.” UPY Business and Management Journal (UMBJ) 2, no. 1 (January 2023): 01–17. https://doi.org/10.31316/ubmj.v2i1.3126.
Sofyan, Andi Syathir, Awal Nur, Syaakir Sofyan, and Bahrul Ulum. “Strategies on Halal Certification Obligations: Learning from the Experience of LPPOM MUI South Sulawesi.” International Journal of Halal Industry 1, no. 2 (October 2025): 133–146. https://doi.org/10.20885/IJHI.vol1.iss2.art2.
Suaidi, and Ali Sodiqin. “Halal but Forbidden? A Systems Approach to Tompangan Transactions in Sumenep, Madura.” El-Mashlahah 15, no. 2 (November 2025): 231–254. https://doi.org/10.23971/el-mashlahah.v15i2.9049.
Sulaiman Jamrozi, Ahmad Syafi’i, Suad Fikriawan, Syamsul Anwar, and Misnen Ardiansyah. “Maqashid Al-Sharia in the Study of Hadith and Its Implication for the Renewal of Islamic Law: Study on Jasser Auda’s Thought.” Justicia Islamica 19, no. 1 (June 2022): 74–93. https://doi.org/10.21154/justicia.v19i1.3269.
Tamsir, Siti Nashrah Binti, Mohammad Kafabihi, and Zaini Zaini. “Ijtihad as a Method of Legal Discovery in the Islamic Legal System.” Trunojoyo Law Review 5, no. 2 (August 2023): 129–143. https://doi.org/10.21107/tlr.v5i2.21051.
Wahbah Al-Zuhaili. Ushul Al-Fiqh al-Islami. Vol. 2. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2006.
Wahyu Abdul Jafar. “Legality Of Halal Food Certification On Maslahah Mursalah Perspective.” Jurnal Ilmiah MIZANI: Wacana Hukum, Ekonomi Dan Keagamaan 09, no. 01 (2022). https://www.academia.edu/download/99492386/4029.pdf.
Waluyo, Agus. “The Developmental Policy of Halal Product Guarantee in the Paradigm of Maqāṣid Sharī`ah in Indonesia.” Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan 20, no. 1 (June 2020): 41–60. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijtihad.v20i1.41-60.
Wijayanti, Ratna, and M. Meftahudin. “Kaidah Fiqh Dan Ushul Fiqh Tentang Produk Halal, Metode Istinbath Dan Ijtihad Dalam Menetapkan Hukum Produk Halal.” International Journal Ihya’ ’Ulum al-Din 20, no. 2 (November 2018): 241–268. https://doi.org/10.21580/ihya.20.2.4048.
Zaharah, Rita, Nik Airin Aqmar Bt Nik Azhar, Liky Faizal, Rudi Santoso, and Indah Satria. “Halal Industry: A Comparative Analysis of Halal Certification Mechanisms in Indonesia and Malaysia from the Perspective of Sharia Economic Law.” ASAS 16, no. 2 (December 2024): 179. https://doi.org/10.24042/asas.v16i2.23994.
Zaharani, Nada Tauhida. “Halal Fatwa in the Food and Beverage Industry.” Indonesian Journal of Halal Studies 2, no. 1 (November 2025): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijhs.v2i1.1-11.
Zainuddin. Kiai and Power in Madura. Surabaya: Bina Ilmu, 2019.
Zainuri, Ahmad. Sociology of Madurese Islam. 2020: Uinsa Press, 2020.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Holis Holis, Umi Indasyah Zahro, Lailatul Maghfiroh, Hawa Gazani, Imamuddin, Wasif Naif Nahar Daqamseh
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
